Peptide Index

Epitalon is a synthetic tetrapeptide that stimulates telomerase activity. Developed by Russian scientist Vladimir Khavinson, it has been studied for its potential to extend telomere length and slow aging.

KLOW is a blended cosmetic and repair-oriented research peptide formulation commonly described as containing GHK-Cu with additional supportive peptides. It is used in laboratory and formulation research contexts to study extracellular matrix signaling, skin-related peptide activity, and cosmetic peptide combinations.

SNAP-8 is a synthetic cosmetic octapeptide related to the N-terminal sequence of SNAP-25. It is used in formulation and skin-model research focused on expression-line appearance and neuromuscular-junction-inspired peptide activity.

Glutathione is a naturally occurring tripeptide composed of glutamate, cysteine, and glycine. In research settings, it is studied as a central cellular redox molecule and as a participant in detoxification and antioxidant systems.

NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is a fundamental coenzyme found in all living cells that participates in hundreds of metabolic reactions. Note: NAD+ is not a peptide—it is a dinucleotide coenzyme. It is sold by some peptide vendors due to its prominent role in longevity, metabolic health, and energy research.

Adamax is a synthetic nootropic peptide analog related to Semax and is used in experimental cognition and neurobiology contexts. It is generally discussed as a research compound rather than an established endogenous peptide.

Dihexa is a synthetic angiotensin IV-derived peptide analog studied in neurobiology and cognition-related research. It was designed for improved stability and blood-brain barrier penetration relative to parent angiotensin-derived fragments.

Oxytocin is an endogenous cyclic nonapeptide hormone and neuropeptide produced primarily in the hypothalamus. In research settings, it is studied for roles in social behavior, stress-response biology, and neuroendocrine signaling.

P21 is a synthetic neurogenic peptide commonly described as derived from ciliary neurotrophic factor-related research. It is studied in experimental models of neurogenesis, neuronal differentiation, and cognition-associated pathways.

Selank is a synthetic heptapeptide analogue of tuftsin, an endogenous immunomodulatory peptide. Originally developed in Russia, it has anxiolytic and nootropic properties with a favorable safety profile.

Semax is a synthetic peptide based on a fragment of ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone). Developed in Russia for cognitive enhancement and neuroprotection, it has been used clinically for stroke recovery and ADHD.

CJC-1295 is a synthetic analogue of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH). It extends the half-life of GHRH from minutes to days, providing sustained GH stimulation.

CJC-1295 DAC is a modified GHRH analogue incorporating a Drug Affinity Complex (DAC) that enables covalent binding to plasma albumin in vivo. This modification extends its biological half-life from minutes to approximately 6–8 days, allowing weekly or bi-weekly dosing for sustained GH and IGF-1 elevation.

CJC-1295 No DAC (also known as Modified GRF 1-29) is a GHRH analogue incorporating four stabilizing amino acid substitutions without the albumin-binding DAC modification. With a half-life of approximately 30 minutes, it produces discrete, pulsatile GH release and is most commonly used in combination with a GHRP for synergistic GH secretion.

GHRP-2 (Growth Hormone-Releasing Peptide 2, also known as Pralmorelin) is a synthetic hexapeptide that stimulates GH secretion by acting as a ghrelin receptor agonist. It produces robust, dose-dependent GH pulses and is one of the most potent members of the GHRP family.

GHRP-6 (Growth Hormone-Releasing Peptide 6) is a synthetic hexapeptide ghrelin mimetic that potently stimulates GH secretion. It is the prototypical first-generation GHRP, notable for producing large GH pulses alongside pronounced appetite stimulation via hypothalamic ghrelin pathway activation.

Hexarelin is a synthetic hexapeptide and one of the most potent growth hormone-releasing peptides (GHRPs) studied to date. In addition to its strong GH secretagogue activity, it has demonstrated direct cardioprotective effects independent of GH release—a unique property within the GHRP family.

Ipamorelin is a selective growth hormone (GH) secretagogue and ghrelin mimetic. It stimulates the pituitary gland to release growth hormone in a pulsatile pattern that mimics natural GH secretion.

Sermorelin is a synthetic version of the first 29 amino acids of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH). It was the first GHRH analogue approved by the FDA for treating GH deficiency in children.

Tesamorelin is a synthetic analogue of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) consisting of the full 44 amino acid GHRH sequence stabilized by a trans-3-hexenoic acid modification. It is FDA-approved under the brand name Egrifta for the treatment of excess abdominal fat in HIV-positive adults with lipodystrophy.

IGF-1 DES is a truncated insulin-like growth factor-1 analog lacking the first three N-terminal amino acids. It is used in growth-factor research, especially in studies comparing IGF-1 receptor activity and IGF-binding protein interactions.

IGF-1 LR3 (Long Arg3 Insulin-like Growth Factor-1) is a synthetic analogue of IGF-1 with an N-terminal arginine extension and a Glu-to-Arg substitution at position 3. These modifications reduce IGF-binding protein (IGFBP) affinity approximately 1000-fold, extending its active half-life relative to native IGF-1.

PEG-MGF is a pegylated form of mechano growth factor, an IGF-1 splice variant peptide fragment studied in muscle and tissue-repair research. Pegylation is used in research formulations to increase molecular size and alter pharmacokinetic behavior compared with the unmodified peptide.

MK-677 (Ibutamoren) is an orally active, non-peptide small molecule (spiropiperidine class) that acts as a potent ghrelin receptor agonist and GH secretagogue. It is not a peptide—it is a synthetic small molecule. MK-677 is commonly sold alongside peptides by research vendors due to its similar GH-stimulating applications and significant search interest.

AHK-Cu is a copper-bound tripeptide composed of alanine, histidine, and lysine coordinated with copper. It is studied in dermatology, cosmetic science, and tissue-remodeling research models.

BPC-157 is a synthetic peptide consisting of 15 amino acids. It is derived from a protective protein found in gastric juice and has demonstrated remarkable healing and regenerative properties across numerous animal studies.

GHK-Cu (Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine copper complex) is a naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide found in human plasma, saliva, and urine. It plays a role in wound healing, stimulates collagen synthesis, and has attracted research interest for skin rejuvenation and anti-aging applications.

KPV is a synthetic C-terminal tripeptide of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) composed of lysine, proline, and valine. It exhibits potent anti-inflammatory properties and has been studied for gut inflammation (inflammatory bowel disease), wound healing, and skin conditions.

TB-500 is a synthetic version of Thymosin Beta-4, a naturally occurring peptide found in virtually all human and animal cells. It plays a crucial role in building new blood vessels, muscle tissue, and regenerating wounded tissue.

LL-37 is a human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide generated from the hCAP-18 precursor. It is studied in innate immunity, host-defense, microbiology, and inflammatory signaling research.

PNC-27 is a synthetic peptide derived from the p53 protein sequence and studied in anticancer laboratory research. It is typically described as a p53-derived membrane-active peptide investigated in tumor-cell models.

Thymalin is a thymus-derived peptide preparation studied as a bioregulator in immunology and aging research. It is associated with experimental work on thymic peptides and immune-system signaling models.

Thymosin Alpha-1 (Tα1) is a 28 amino acid peptide derived from prothymosin alpha, originally isolated from thymus tissue. It is a potent immune modulator marketed as Zadaxin and approved in over 35 countries for chronic hepatitis B and C, certain cancers, and as an adjuvant for influenza vaccination.

VIP is a 28-amino-acid neuropeptide found in the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems. In research contexts, it is studied for signaling roles involving smooth muscle, secretion, circadian biology, and immune modulation.

FOXO4-DRI is a synthetic D-retro-inverso peptide studied in senescence and longevity research. It was designed from a FOXO4-derived sequence and is investigated as a research tool for models involving senescent-cell biology.

Humanin is a small mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded within the mitochondrial 16S rRNA region. It is studied in cellular aging, stress-response, and mitochondrial biology research contexts.

MOTS-c (Mitochondrial ORF of the 12S rRNA Type-c) is a 16 amino acid peptide encoded within the mitochondrial genome—one of the first identified mitochondria-derived peptides (MDPs). It acts as a peptide hormone regulating cellular metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and aging-associated stress responses.

Pinealon is a synthetic tripeptide bioregulator with the sequence Glu-Asp-Arg. It is studied in aging, neurobiology, and cellular stress models as part of the Russian short-peptide bioregulator research tradition.

SS-31 is a mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide studied in cellular energy and mitochondrial biology research. It is also known as elamipretide and has been investigated in models involving mitochondrial membranes and oxidative stress.

5-Amino-1MQ is a small-molecule research compound rather than a peptide. It is commonly studied as an inhibitor of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase in metabolic and cellular energy-balance research.

Adipotide (FTPP, fat-targeting proapoptotic peptide) is a synthetic chimeric peptide designed to selectively ablate the blood supply feeding white adipose tissue. Preclinical studies in non-human primates demonstrated rapid, significant weight loss through targeted apoptosis of adipose vasculature.

AICAR (5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside, Acadesine) is a nucleoside analogue and AMPK activator. Note: AICAR is not a peptide—it is a nucleotide precursor/analog. It is sold by some research peptide vendors due to its metabolic and exercise-mimicking applications alongside conventional peptides.

AOD-9604 (Anti-Obesity Drug 9604) is a synthetic peptide fragment corresponding to amino acids 177–191 of human growth hormone with a tyrosine residue added at the N-terminus. Originally developed by Monash University for obesity treatment, it reached Phase 2b clinical trials and demonstrated lipolytic activity in both animal and human studies.

Cagrilintide is a long-acting amylin analog studied for appetite regulation and body-weight management, often researched alongside GLP-1 receptor agonists.

Cardarine is a synthetic small molecule, not a peptide, widely studied as a selective PPAR-delta agonist. It is used in metabolic and endurance research models involving lipid utilization and skeletal-muscle oxidative programs.

Fragment 176-191 is a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acids 176–191 of human growth hormone. It retains the lipolytic (fat-burning) activity of intact HGH while lacking its growth-promoting and insulin-desensitizing effects, making it a targeted metabolic research tool.

Mazdutide is a synthetic peptide analog studied as a dual agonist of glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucagon receptors. It is used in metabolic research models focused on energy balance, glucose regulation, and body-weight biology.

Retatrutide is a novel triple incretin receptor agonist (GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon) developed by Eli Lilly. In Phase 2 clinical trials it demonstrated the highest percentage weight loss of any single therapeutic agent studied to date, with Phase 3 trials ongoing as of 2024–2025.

Semaglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist originally developed for type 2 diabetes management. It has gained significant attention for its powerful weight loss effects and metabolic benefits.

SLU-PP-332 is a synthetic small molecule studied as an exercise-mimetic research compound. It is not a peptide and is commonly investigated in metabolic and mitochondrial function models.

Survodutide is a synthetic peptide analog studied as a dual glucagon receptor and GLP-1 receptor agonist. It is investigated in metabolic research contexts involving appetite, energy balance, and liver-fat biology.

Tesofensine is a synthetic small molecule, not a peptide, studied as a triple monoamine reuptake inhibitor. It is used in metabolic and neuroscience research involving appetite regulation and monoaminergic signaling.

Tirzepatide is a novel dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist. Clinical trials have shown superior weight loss results compared to semaglutide, making it one of the most effective metabolic peptides available.

ACE-031 is a recombinant soluble activin receptor type IIB fusion protein used in muscle biology research. It functions as a ligand trap for myostatin-related TGF-beta family signaling proteins in experimental systems.

ARA-290, also known as cibinetide, is an erythropoietin-derived peptide based on the helix B surface region. It is studied in tissue-protection, inflammation, and nerve-function research models without the erythropoietic activity associated with full erythropoietin.

Follistatin 344 is a 344 amino acid isoform of follistatin, a glycoprotein that acts as a high-affinity antagonist of activin, myostatin, and related TGF-β superfamily members. By inhibiting myostatin—the primary negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass—it has attracted research interest for muscle hypertrophy and recovery.

MGF (Mechano Growth Factor, or IGF-1Ec) is an alternatively spliced isoform of IGF-1 produced locally in muscle and other tissues in response to mechanical loading or damage. It acts as a potent activator of resident muscle satellite cells, initiating the muscle repair and hypertrophy process.

HCG is a glycoprotein hormone produced by placental tissue and widely used as a reference molecule in reproductive endocrinology research. It is structurally related to luteinizing hormone and is studied in models of gonadal signaling and steroidogenesis.

Kisspeptin-10 is the C-terminal decapeptide fragment of kisspeptin that retains biological activity at the kisspeptin receptor. It is used in endocrine and reproductive-axis research focused on hypothalamic signaling.

PT-141 (Bremelanotide) is a melanocortin receptor agonist that acts centrally on the nervous system to enhance sexual arousal. Unlike PDE5 inhibitors, it works through neural pathways rather than vascular mechanisms.

DSIP (Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide) is a naturally occurring neuropeptide of nine amino acids originally isolated from the venous blood of sleeping rabbits. It has been studied for its ability to promote delta-wave sleep, reduce stress hormone levels, and exert neuromodulatory effects.

Melanotan II is a synthetic analogue of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). It stimulates melanin production in the skin, producing a tan without UV exposure, while also having effects on libido and appetite.

Melanotan-1 is a synthetic analog of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone developed for melanocortin receptor research. It is commonly studied in pigmentation and photobiology models involving melanocyte signaling.